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Refrigerant System
REFRIGERANT SYSTEMCHARGE
Proper refrigerant charge is critical to efficient and reliable operation of air conditioners and heat pumps. Before new systems or lines that have been exposed to the atmosphere are charged, they should be evacuated by the deep vacuum method. This method of system evacuation requires use of a gauge that can accurately measure pressures at least as low as 500 microns of mercury and a pump that can achieve those levels of evacuation. The low pressures are needed to eliminate moisture from the refrigerant loop.
After the system is assembled and before refrigerant is added, the system should be evacuated to a pressure no higher than 500 microns. The pump should be valved off and the system pressure monitored and recorded once a minute for a minimum of five minutes. Subsequent action depends on the measurements obtained.
• In a tight, dry system, the pressure will quickly rise to about 1000 microns and then remain stable. Such a system is ready to receive an initial charge.
• In a tight system that contains too much moisture, the pressure will rise above 2000 microns before stabilizing. Continued pumping is needed to remove the moisture.
• A system that has a leak will show pressure that does not stabilize, slowly rising to atmospheric pressure. A leaky system must be sealed and re-evacuated.